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quarta-feira, 30 de outubro de 2013

Meditação e o hábito de fumar.


In English: http://www.wildmind.org/blogs/on-practice/is-your-meditation-smoking-2

Quando eu estava ensinando meditação na Universidade de Montana tive uma aluna chamada Connie que estava muito preocupada com seu hábito de fumar. Na minha juventude, eu às vezes usei baseados ​​para fumar em festas e às vezes eu até comprei tabaco para que eu pudesse fazer o meu próprio e não depender de outras pessoas o tempo todo. Mas eu nunca fiquei viciado e por isso eu não tinha nenhuma experiência que eu pudesse compartilhar em desistir da erva do mal. Mas eu encorajo as pessoas a estarem atentas, e então, eu sugeri que ela realmente prestasse atenção às sensações e padrões mentais que surgiam cada vez que ela estava fumando um cigarro . Parecia uma tentativa difícil, mas era tudo que eu tinha.

Ela relatou que depois de ouvir esta sugestão, ela estava fumando muito menos. Levou mais tempo para fumar cada cigarro, e era menos provável que acendesse outro de novo imediatamente depois de terminar um cigarro. Eu me lembro que ela disse que também estava mais consciente do dissabor de fumar.

Enfim, lembrei-me de quando me deparei com uma anedota onde um fumante se aproxima de um monge budista para um conselho:

Um jovem que está em retiro e faz uma pergunta ao monge superior durante a entrevista da meditação diária.

"Eu sinto um grande desejo pelo tabaco. Estaria tudo bem se eu fumar quando eu meditar?”, ele pergunta.

O monge superior fica chocado com a sugestão e dá ao jovem um sermão sobre a necessidade de praticar a atenção plena .

No dia seguinte, o jovem retorna com outra pergunta.

"Já que eu gasto muito tempo fumando, eu estava pensando, você acha que estaria tudo bem se quando estou fumando, eu posso fumar conscientemente e transformar isso em uma prática de meditação?”

O monge superior pensou que esta era uma sugestão muito criativa e deu ao jovem a sua bênção.

Claro que, a partir de um ponto de vista o resultado é o mesmo, se você fuma durante a meditação ou medita enquanto fuma.

A razão pela qual esta história funciona é porque a palavra “meditação” está sendo usada de duas formas diferentes. O monge  inicialmente ouviu a palavra meditação como se referindo a uma atividade formal em que um esforço está sendo feito para trazer a mente a um ponto de concentração e no qual estados mentais distraídos estão sendo levados embora. Um desses estados mentais distraídos que estão sendo levados é o desejo, e então a ideia de fumar durante a meditação é um anátema. Para fumar durante a meditação (neste sentido) significaria ceder ao desejo ao invés de dar-se ao desejo.

Na segunda vez das conversas sobre meditação, o fumante coloca-as no contexto das atividades diárias, e a palavra significa algo mais como “uma abordagem atenta a tudo o que você faz”.

Se vamos fazer as coisas que envolvem o desejo, como o tabagismo, então é um passo em frente para fazê-lo com mais atenção. Mas não seria um passo em frente para tomar algo como meditação sentada e introduzir uma atividade como o tabagismo. Tome a meditação adicionando o ato de fumar, e você está indo na direção do desejo. Tome fumar adicionando a meditação, e você está indo na direção da consciência e não do desejo.

Mas isso funciona como uma técnica para reduzir a dependência do tabaco? Na verdade, sim. Uma pessoa me escreveu da Austrália para partilhar a sua experiência de trabalho em uma unidade de reabilitação de drogas.

Eu tenho ensinado esta técnica em um grupo para ajudar os clientes a trazer a consciência do vício de fumar e dependência comportamental nos últimos cinco anos. Tem sido um grande sucesso com muita gente desistir e se não, certamente trazendo uma grande quantidade de consciência de comportamento. Também aplicamos esta prática quando falamos sobre como mudar os padrões de comportamento no uso de drogas.

E um estudo recente mostrou que a meditação reduz o consumo de tabaco em 60%.

Daily Purification: A Short Vajrasattva Practice - Kyabje Lama Zopa Rinpoche


Vajrasattva (Tib. Dordje Sempa) with consort (Tib. Dordje Niema)

By Kyabje Lama Zopa Rinpoche at Soquel, CA USA 1999 (Archive # 1055, Last Updated Nov 1, 2011)
Just Reprinted!

In Liberation in the Palm of Your Hand Pabonka Rinpoche explains how the great Atisha would purify any negativity, no matter how small, immediately. Even in public or when riding his horse, as soon as he noticed a breach of his ethics, he would stop what he was doing, drop to one knee and then and there, purify it with the four opponent powers—the powers of dependence, regret, remedy and restraint. Atisha practiced purification in this way because of his deep realization of the psycho-mechanics of negative karma, especially its four fundamentals: negative karma is certain to bring suffering; it multiplies exponentially; if eradicated, it cannot bring its suffering result; and once created, it never simply disappears. Through the study and practice of Dharma, we should try to attain Atisha’s level of understanding. In the meantime, we should try to practice as he did. Therefore, out of his great compassion, Lama Zopa Rinpoche has composed this short Vajrasattva practice and requested that it be published in a pocket-sized format that is easy for people to carry round and have available at all times. Thus, we can be like the great Atisha—whenever we notice we have broken a vow or created any other kind of negative karma, we can whip out our little Vajrasattva book and purify that negativity with the four opponent powers without a second’s delay.

The Power of Dependence

Taking Refuge
"I forever take refuge in Buddha, Dharma and Sangha,
I take refuge in all the three vehicles,
In the dakas and dakinis of secret mantra yoga,
In the heroes and heroines, the gods and goddesses
And in the bodhisattvas of the ten bhumis.
But most of all, I take refuge in my holy guru forever." (3x)

The Power of Regret

First recall the definition of negative karma: any action that results in suffering, usually an action motivated by
ignorance, attachment or aversion.
"Almost every action I do, twenty-four hours a day, is motivated by worldly concern, attachment to the comfort of this life. It is like this from birth to death in this life and has been like that from beginningless rebirths. Nearly every action I have ever created has been non-virtuous, the cause of suffering. Not only that, but continuously I have also been breaking my pratimoksha, bodhisattva and tantric vows. Worst of all, I have created the heaviest of negative karmas in relation to my virtuous friends-getting angry at them, generating wrong views, having non-devotional thoughts towards them, harming their holy body and disobeying their advice. Having these negative imprints on my mental continuum is unbearable. It's as if I've swallowed a lethal poison. I must practice the antidote right away and purify all this negative karma immediately, without a second's delay." In this way, generate strong feelings of urgency and regret.

Remembering Impermanence and Death

"Many people my age or younger have died. It's a miracle that I'm still alive and have this incredible
opportunity to purify my negative karma. Death is certain but its time is most uncertain. If I were to die right
now, I would definitely be born in the lower realms. Because I could not practice Dharma there I would remain in the lower realms for countless eons. Therefore, how unbelievably fortunate I am to be able to purify my negative karma right now, without even a second's delay, by practicing the Vajrasattva meditation-recitation."

Generating Bodhicitta

"But I am not practicing this Vajrasattva purification for myself alone-the purpose of my life is to release all
hell beings, pretas, animals, humans, asuras, suras and intermediate state beings from all their suffering and
its causes and lead them to unsurpassed enlightenment. In order to do this I must first reach enlightenment
myself. Therefore, I must purify all my negative karma immediately by practicing the Vajrasattva
meditation-recitation."

Visualization

"Above the crown of my head, seated upon a lotus and moon seat, are Vajrasattva father and mother. Their
bodies are white; each has one face and two arms. He holds a dorje and bell, she a curved knife and skull
cup. They are embracing each other. The father is adorned with six mudras, the mother with five. He sits in
the vajra posture, she in the lotus. Vajrasattva is my root guru, the holy mind of all the buddhas, the dharmakaya, who out of his unbearable com-passion, which embraces me and all other sentient beings, appears in this form to purify me and all others."

In this way, your mind is transformed into guru devotion-the root of all blessings and realizations of the path to enlightenment.

"On a moon disc at Vajrasattva's heart stands a hum encircled by a garland of the hundred syllable mantra. A powerful stream of white nectar flows from the hum and mantra garland and I am cleansed of all sickness, spirit harm, negative karma and obscurations."

The Power of the Remedy: Mantra Recitation

om vajrasattva samaya
manupalaya, vajrasattva denopa titha,
dido me bhava, suto kayo me bhava, supo kayo me bhava,
anurakto me bhava, sarva siddhi me prayatsa,
sarva karma su tsame, tsittam shriyam kuru hum,
ha ha ha ha ho, bhagavan
sarva tathagata, vajra mame muntsa,
vajra bhava maha samaya sattva ah hum phet

The meaning of the mantra

You, Vajrasattva, have generated the holy mind (bodhicitta) according to your
pledge (samaya). Your holy mind is enriched with the simultaneous holy actions of releasing transmigratory
beings from samsara (the circling, suffering aggregates). Whatever happens in my life-happiness or suffering,
good or bad-with a pleased, holy mind, never give up but please guide me. Please stabilize all happiness,
including the happiness of the upper realms, actualize all actions and sublime and common realizations, and
please make the glory of the five wisdoms abide in my heart.

Recite the mantra seven or twenty-one times or as many times as possible, practicing the three techniques of
downward cleansing, upward cleansing and instantaneous cleansing.

Generating Faith in Having Been Purified

"From the crown of my head, Guru Vajrasattva says, 'Son of the race2, your negativities, obscurations and
broken and damaged pledges have been completely purified.'"
Generate strong faith that they have been completely purified just as Guru Vajrasattva has said.
The power of Refraining from Creating Negativities Again
"Before Guru Vajrasattva, I vow never again to commit those negative actions from which I can easily abstain and not to commit for a day, an hour or at least a few seconds those negative actions from which I find it difficult to abstain."

Absorption

Guru Vajrasattva is extremely pleased with your pledge. Vajrasattva father and mother melt into light and
dissolve into you. Your body, speech and mind become inseparably one with Guru Vajrasattva's holy body,
speech and mind.

Dedication

"In emptiness, there is no I, creator of negative karma; there is no action of creating negative karma; there is
no negative karma created."
Place your mind in that emptiness for a little while. In this way, look at all phenomena as empty-they do not
exist from their own side. With this awareness of emptiness, dedicate the merits.
"Due to all the merits of the three times collected by me, buddhas, bodhisattvas and all other sentient beings
(which appear to be real, from there, but which are empty), may the I (which appears to be real but is empty) achieve Guru Vajrasattva's enlightenment (which appears to be real but is empty) and lead all sentient beings (who appear to be real but are totally empty) to that enlightenment (which appears to be real but is empty) by myself alone (which appears to be real but is also totally empty, non-existent from there).

"May the precious bodhicitta, the source of all happiness and success for myself and all other sentient
beings, be generated within my own mind and in the minds of all sentient beings without even a second's
delay; and may that which has been generated be increased. May I and all other sentient beings have Lama Tsongkhapa as our direct guru in all our lifetimes, never be separated for even a second from the pure path that is greatly praised by the conqueror buddhas, and actualize the complete path-the three principal paths and the two stages of Highest Yoga Tantra-the root of which is guru devotion, within our minds as quickly as possible. Just as the brave Manjushri and Samantabhadra realized things as they are, I dedicate all these virtues in the best way, that I may follow after them. Whatever dedication the three time victorious ones gone to bliss have admired as best, in the same way, I also perfectly dedicate all these roots of virtue so that I may perform good works."
ཨོཾ་བཛྲ་སཏྭ་ས་མ་ཡ་མ་ནུ་པ་ལ་ཡ།
བཛྲ་སཏྭ་ཏྭེ་ནོ་པ་ཏིཥྛ།
དྲྀ་ཌྷོ་མེ་བྷ་བ།
སུ་ཏོ་ ཥྱོ་མེ་བྷ་བ།
སུ་པོ་ ཥྱོ་མེ་བྷ་བ།
ཨ་ནུ་ར་ཀྟོ་མེ་བྷ་བ།
ས་རྦ་སི་དྡྷི་མེ་པྲ་ཡ་ཙྪ།
ས་རྦ་ཀ་རྨ་སུ་ཙ་མེ ཙི་ཏྟཾ༌ཤེ་ཡཿ་ཀུ་རུ་ཧཱུྂ།
ཧ་ཧ་ཧ་ཧ་ཧོཿ
བྷ་ག་བ་ན
ས་རྦ
ཏ་ཐཱ་ག་ཏ་བཛྲ་མཱ་མེ་མུ་ཉྩ།
བཛྲཱི་བྷ་བ་མ་ཧཱ་ས་མ་ཡ་སཏྭ
ཨཱཿ །། ཧཱུྂ ཕ་ཊ

oṃ
O Vajrasattva honour the agreement!
Reveal yourself as the vajra-being!
Be steadfast for me!
Be very pleased for me!
Be fully nourishing for me!
Be passionate for me!
Grant me all success and attainment!
And in all actions make my mind more lucid!
hūṃ
ha ha ha ha hoḥ
O Blessed One, vajra of all those in that state, don't abandon me!
O being of the great contract be a vajra-bearer!
āḥ

(The most excellent exclamation of praise)
Vajrasattva’s Samaya: O Vajrasattva, protect the Samaya
May you remain firm in me
Grant me complete satisfaction
Grow within me (increase the positive within me)
Be loving towards me
Grant me all the siddhis
Show me all the karmas (activities)
Make my mind good, virtuous and auspicious!
(The heart essence, seed syllable of Vajrasattva)
(Symbolises the four immeasurables, the four
empowerments, the four joys, and the four kayas)
(The exclamation of joy at this accomplishment)
O blessed one, who embodies all the Vajra Tathagatas
Do not abandon me
Grant me the realization of the Vajra Nature
O great Samayasattva
Make me one with you